•An
operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the user and
the computer hardware and controls the execution of all kinds of programs.
Understanding Income: Definition, Types, and Importance Income is the money an individual or business receives in exchange for providing a good, service, or through investing capital. It is one of the most fundamental concepts in economics and personal finance, directly impacting the standard of living, lifestyle choices, and financial stability of people and organizations alike. 📌 What Is Income? In simple terms, income is the money earned or received over a specific period. It can come from various sources such as wages, salaries, business profits, dividends, rental income, or interest on savings and investments. 🧾 Types of Income 1. Earned Income Comes from employment or self-employment. Examples: Salary, wages, tips, bonuses, freelance earnings. 2. Passive Income Income that requires minimal effort to earn and maintain. Examples: Rental income, dividends from stocks, royalties. 3. Portfolio Income Comes from investments. Examples: Capital...
Here are the step-by-step instructions to install Windows 11 on your PC or laptop: 🛠️ Before You Begin ✅ Requirements Compatible hardware : 64-bit CPU with at least 1 GHz and 2+ cores 4 GB RAM minimum 64 GB storage minimum UEFI with Secure Boot TPM 2.0 enabled (check in BIOS/UEFI) A Windows 11 ISO or a bootable USB/DVD A Microsoft account (required for Home edition) Backup important files (clean installs will erase data) 💻 Installation Methods You can install Windows 11 by: Upgrading from Windows 10 Doing a clean install from a USB drive 🚀 Windows 11 Clean Installation Steps 1. Create a Bootable USB Drive Download the Media Creation Tool from Microsoft: 👉 https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows11 Use the tool to create a bootable USB (at least 8 GB). 2. Boot from USB Drive Insert the USB into your PC. Restart and press the boot menu key (F2, F12, ESC, DEL – varies by device). Select the...
1. Von Neumann Architecture: This is the most common and widely used architecture in modern computers. It features a single memory space for both instructions and data, accessed through a shared bus. The CPU fetches instructions and data from this shared memory, processes them, and stores the results back in the same memory. Example: Desktops, laptops, and smartphones. 2. Harvard Architecture: This architecture uses separate memory spaces for instructions and data. This separation allows for faster instruction fetching and execution, especially beneficial for applications requiring high performance. Example: Microcontrollers and embedded systems. 3. RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer): RISC architectures have a smaller set of simpler instructions, leading to faster execution times. They rely more on hardware for instruction execution, making them more complex to design but also more efficient. Example: Modern high...
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